As at the end of 2018, the total length of the Japanese motorway network had reached approx. 9,500 km, with most road segments being operated and maintained by Nippon Expressway Companies (NEXCOs), which are divided into the country's Eastern, Central and Western regions. More than 60 years after inauguration of Japan's network first section (Meishin Expressway), today's pressing problem is how to maintain/rehabilitate such aging road infrastructure. This article describes Japanese innovative methods for addressing several issues and how they adapt to changes in road transport and the society itself.